AI brings intelligence and learning capabilities to relay systems, enabling them to: This means fewer false trips, faster fault clearance, and significantly improved power availability and equipment life. According to the requirements of the “four characteristics” of relay protection (i., reliability, selectivity, sensitivity, and speed), once there is a fault within the power grid, it is necessary to accurately, quickly, and effectively limit it to the minimum range to avoid the chain development. To achieve information sharing and interoperability among intelligent electrical equipment in intelligent substations, the author proposes research on relay protection and security technology for the expansion project of intelligent substations. Taking the 500 kVA intelligent substation in Shenzhen. The problems of relay protection equipment in such aspects as the insufficient depth of data mining, not timely grasp of equipment status, and poor timeliness of fault warning restrict the development of the operation and maintenance mode of relay protection, which aims at “autonomous and. revenue streams are being unlocked. Advanced relay protection is now being recognized as a cornerstone of the energy transition, enabling large-scale integration of renewable energy to accelerate progress toward carbon neutrality a eater intelligence and coordination. Adaptive Protection: AI relays can automatically recalibrate based on real-time.